Python Decorators Explained: How to Wrap Your Functions
You’ve seen them before. In Flask, you use @app.route("/"). In Django, you might see @login_required. These are Decorators, and understanding Python decorators can significantly enhance…
Inheritance in Python: How to Re-use Code in Classes
In our Guide to OOP, we created a Dog class. But what if we also need a Cat class? They both have names and ages….
Python Generators vs. Lists: How to Save Memory
Imagine you need to process 1 billion numbers. If you create a List of 1 billion numbers, Python has to create all of them at…
Python List Comprehensions: Writing Cleaner Code
You’ve probably written code like this many times, especially when exploring Python list comprehensions. This works, but it’s 3 lines of code for a very…
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python: A Beginner’s Guide to Classes and Objects
You’ve learned functions, loops, and variables. You can write scripts. But to build large applications (like with Django), you need a better way to organise…
Python Try-Except Blocks: Handling Errors Gracefully
You’ve seen plenty of errors by now: ValueError, TypeError, ZeroDivisionError. In Python, Try Except can be used to handle these errors gracefully. Normally, when these…
Python 2 vs. Python 3: Why You MUST Use Python 3 in 2026
If you are learning Python today, you might occasionally stumble upon an old tutorial that looks wrong. This is often a result of the differences…
Reading and Writing Files in Python (The with open Guide)
Every useful program eventually needs to save data to a file or load data from one. When it comes to reading and writing files, Python…
Python pip Guide: How to Install and Manage Packages
Python is famous for its “standard library” (built-in tools), but its real power comes from the 300,000+ third-party packages available on the Python Package Index…
Python Virtual Environments (venv): A Beginner’s Survival Guide
As you start building more projects (like our Flask App or Calculator), you will inevitably start installing lots of third-party libraries using pip. This is…
